Long term tillage research has been, and continues to be conducted at the farm. Methods of primary and secondary tillage, and no-till, are evaluated. The photo shows compaction layers resulting from moldboard plowing and secondary tillage. What you see is uncompacted soil at the surface, then a layer reflecting compaction due to secondary tillage, beneath which is the "plow pan" which is the compacted layer formed by moldboard plowing.

Tillage research is conducted on drybeans, sugarbeets, soybeans and corn. The beans are growing in a notill plot following corn. The trash on the surface is typical in a notill system.