Northern Michigan FruitNet 2009
Weekly Update
NW Michigan Horticultural Research Station
| Nikki Rothwell District Horticulturist |
Erin Lizotte District Fruit IPM/IFP Agent |
Bill Klein Farm Mgr, NWMHRS |
| Duke Elsner Agricultural & Regional Viticulture Agent |
June 16, 2009
GROWING DEGREE DAY ACCUMULATIONS AS OF June 15th AT THE NWMHRS
Year |
2009 |
2008 |
2007 |
2006 |
2005 |
2004 |
19yr. Avg. |
GDD42 |
787 |
891 |
1158 |
1091 |
1088 |
867 |
944.3 |
GDD50 |
372 | 483 | 682 | 599 | 632 | 451 | 519.3 |
Growth Stages at NWMHRS (6/16/09- 7:30 a.m.)
Apple: McIntosh – 15 mm fruit
Yellow Delicious – 13 mm fruit
Gala – 14 mm fruit
Red Delicious – 17 mm fruit
Pear: Bartlett: 13 mm fruit
Sweet Cherry: Hedelfingen: 14 mm fruit
Napoleon: 14 mm fruit
Gold: 13 mm fruit
Tart Cherry: 12 mm fruit
Balaton: 12 mm fruit
Apricot: 30 mm fruit
Plum: 11 mm fruit
Grapes: 10-16” shoots
Weather Report
We are finally seeing some warm temperatures in the region. We have had temperatures in the 70’s since last Thursday. We have accumulated 787 GDD base 42, which is behind compared to our 19-year average of 944.3. Base 50, we have accumulated 372 GDD, and our 19-year average is 519. The last rainfall was on 8 and 9 June, where we received just less than one inch.
Crop Report
Pears are at 13-17mm and apricots are at 30mm. Apples are at 13-17mm, and growers have been thinning since temperatures have warmed up last week. We can still find bloom in apple orchards. Cherries are moving along: sweets are at 13-14mm and Montmorency and Balatons are at 12mm. Growers have been making GA applications late last week and into this week. The tart crop in the northwest appears to be large, and the sweet crop is also sizable. Strawberry harvest is still predicted to start for Father’s Day weekend.
Pest Report
In apples, spotted tentiform leafminer numbers are down for the third week in a row with an average of 13 adults per trap. Codling moth trap catches over the past 4 weeks are as follows:1-0-2-1. Low trap numbers have made setting a codling moth biofix difficult; however, have received reports of sustained codling moth catch from around the region. Oriental fruit moth catch has an average of 6 moths per trap. We caught no oblique-banded leafroller this week. As fruit develops and temperatures warm, growers should be aware of potential damage from plum curculio which may have delayed ovipositioning until warmer weather. Area growers continue to report higher than normal levels of green fruit worm damage. It looks like primary scab season will continue for the foreseeable future with 100% ascospore maturity and 85% dispersal estimated as of 6/15. Growers have begun to report apple scab lesions. We still have tag bloom on some apple varieties at the Research Station and the fire blight model is predicting epiphytic infection potentials well over 100. Rain or heavy dew can cause infection under these conditions.
In cherries, American plum borer trap catch numbers over the past four weeks are as follows: 37-6-15-7. Lesser peach tree borers are emerging in higher numbers with an average of 7 per trap this week (moths are swarming around the lures as traps were checked). As fruit develops and temperatures warm, growers should be aware of potential damage from plum curculio. Based on a biofix (full bloom date) of May 15, we have accumulated 203 DD50 according to the tart cherry plum curculio model, commonly utilized when applying organophosphates. According to the model, no cherry leaf spot infection periods have occurred since 6/10, but rain is forecast to begin Tuesday night into Wednesday so leaf tissue should remain protected. The first cherry leaf spot lesions have been reported around the area.
In small fruit, we continue to catch few grape berry moths on Old Mission or Leelanau Peninsula and have yet to catch any at the Research Station. This week we caught a few more potato leafhopper in sticky traps at area vineyards and the Research Station. As rain arrives from the south, we could observe potato leafhopper arriving in more significant numbers. We also have observed low levels of two-spotted spider mites, grape berry moth, phylloxera, a couple grape plume moths, and some indistinct lepidoptera feeding.
For an updated version of the pest report during the week, call (231) 947-3063.
WEEKLY APPLE THINNING CARBOHYDRATE MODEL
PESTICIDE CONTAINER RECYCLING IN LEELANAU COUNTY
Dan Busby, Groundwater Stewardship Program Coordinator
We have scheduled a Pesticide Container Recycling collection during the last IPM meeting June 24. The collection will happen after the IPM meeting, which is scheduled from 1:00 – 3:00 at Jim Bardenhagen’s farm located at 7881 E. Pertner Rd. in Suttons Bay. All 2.5 gallon containers must be properly rinsed, labels and caps removed, and in a bag supplied to you by Dan or by your agri-chemical dealer.
For more information on the collection or acceptable container recycling, please call Dan Busby at 231.883.9962. Hope to see you there.
UNDERSTANDING PRE-MIX PESTICIDE SEASONAL AI RESTRICTIONS
John Wise, TNRC, Entomology
Nikki Rothwell, NWMHRS
Erin Lizotte, NWMHRS
There are many new pesticide pre-mixes, both insecticides and fungicides, on the market this season. These products offer growers convenience with this multi-pack combination, but they also come with some complexities. Many of these pre-mix products are combinations of active ingredients that growers are already using in their orchards rather than distinctly new active ingredients. Therefore, growers need to keep in mind two criteria when using these products: 1) know the amount of each active ingredient in the blend to be able to properly manage for insect and disease control as well as to minimize resistance issues, and 2) be aware of the total amount of active ingredient allowed per season, whether they are used in a pre-mix or alone.
In the first instance, growers should know the recommended rate to control a particular insect of disease and will need to make sure the rate of the pre-mix will provide an adequate amount of each active ingredient (AI) for a particular application. Secondly, the pre-mixes may be a blend of chemical classes growers are already using, and as usual, pesticide rotation is critical to minimize pesticide resistance. For the total amounts per season, growers should make sure they know the active ingredients and use the total AI per season rather than totals by product name. For example, Voliam flexi is a combination of chlorantraniliprole (same AI as Altacor) and thiamethoxam (same AI as Actara), and in stone fruit, the total amount of product for Actara (thiamethoxam) is 11oz. If a grower makes two full applications of Actara (thiamethoxam) for plum curculio at the high rate, 5.5oz, then he/she cannot apply Voliam flexi during that season or the total amount of Actara (thiamethoxam) will be over the allotted AI per season. Therefore, growers need to look at the active ingredients and amounts in the pre-mixes, particularly if he/she has applied one of the active ingredients in a prior spray. We have tried to summarize these pre-mixes for insecticides, their active ingredients, and the total amount of product allotted per season in the tables below.
Table 1. Pome Fruit Uses:
Compound Trade Name |
Active ingredients (AI) |
Labeled Rate / acre* |
Total product (lbs AI) per season |
Altacor 35WG |
chlorantraniliprole |
2.5 – 4.5 oz |
9 oz (0.2 lb AI) |
Actara 25WDG |
thiamethoxam |
4.5 - 5.5 oz |
16.5 oz (0.25 lb AI) |
Voliam flexi 40WDG |
chlorantraniliprole |
4.0 – 7.0 oz |
16 oz (0.2 lb AI ctpr, 0.25 lb AI thiamethoxam) |
thiamethoxam |
|||
Provado 1.6F |
imidacloprid |
8.0 oz |
40 oz (0.5 lb AI) |
Baythroid 2E |
cyfluthrin |
2.4 – 2.8 oz |
2.8 oz (0.044 lb AI) |
Leverage 2.7F |
imidacloprid |
3.6 – 5.1 |
5.1 oz (.044 lb AI cyfluthrin, 0.064 lb AI imidacloprid) |
cyfluthrin |
|||
Belt 4SC |
flubendiamide |
3.0 – 5.0 oz |
15 oz (0.468 lb AI) |
**Centuar 70WSB |
buprofezin |
34.5 oz |
34.5 oz (1.5 lb AI) |
Tourismo 3.5F |
flubendiamide |
15 – 17 oz |
46 oz (0.42 lb AI flubendiamide, 0.84 lb AI buprofezin) |
buprofezin |
* rate ranges for key direct pests.
** Centuar rate for pears is 46 oz/acre (2 lb AI)
Examples of in-season applications that meet total AI limits for pome fruits:
Voliam flexi
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (5 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 applications of Altacor 35WG at the 3 oz/acre rate.
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (5 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 or more applications of Actara 25WDG up to an additional 12.5 oz/acre.
Leverage
- Growers can make 1 application of Leverage or 1 application of either Baythroid 2E or Baythroid XL per season.
- If growers make 1 application of Leverage (5.1 oz/acre), then they can still make 4 applications of Provado 1.6F at a 8 oz/acre rate.
Tourismo
- Growers can make 1 application of Tourismo 3.5F or 1 application of Centuar per season.
- If growers make 1 application of Tourismo 3.5F (15 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 applications of Belt 4SC at a 5 oz/acre rate.
Table 2. Stone Fruit Uses:
Compound Trade Name |
Active ingredients (AI) |
Labeled Rate / acre* |
Total AI per season |
Altacor 35WG |
chlorantraniliprole |
3.0 – 4.5 oz |
9 oz (0.2 lb AI) |
Actara 25WDG |
thiamethoxam |
4.5 - 5.5 oz |
11.0 oz (0.172 lb AI) |
Voliam flexi 40WDG |
chlorantraniliprole |
4.0 – 7.0 oz |
14 oz (0.2 lb AI ctpr, 0.172 lb AI thiamethoxam) |
thiamethoxam |
|||
Provado 1.6F |
imidacloprid |
6.0 – 8.0 oz |
24 oz (0.3 lb AI) |
Baythroid 2E |
cyfluthrin |
2.4 – 2.8 oz |
5.6 oz (0.088 lb AI) |
Leverage 2.7F |
imidacloprid |
4.4 – 5.1 |
10.2 oz (0.044 lb AI cyfluthrin, 0.13 lb AI imidacloprid) |
cyfluthrin |
|||
Belt 4SC |
flubendiamide |
3.0 – 4.0 oz |
12 oz (0.375 lb AI) |
**Centuar 70WSB |
buprofezin |
34.5 – 46.0 oz |
69.0 oz (3.0 lb AI) |
Tourismo 3.5F |
flubendiamide |
10 – 14 oz |
37 oz (0.34 lb AI flubendiamide, 0.67 lb AI buprofezin) |
buprofezin |
* rate ranges for key direct pests.
** Centuar labeled for peaches only.
Examples of in-season applications that meet total AI limits for stone fruits:
Voliam flexi
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (5 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 applications of Altacor 35WG at a 3 oz/acre rate.
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (5 oz/acre), then they can still make 1 or more applications of Actara 25WDG up to an additional 7.0oz/acre per season.
Leverage
- If growers make 1 application of Leverage 2.7F, then they can still make 1 application of either Baythroid 2E or Baythroid XL.
- If growers make 1 application of Leverage 2.7F (5.1 oz/acre rate), then they can still make 2 applications of Provado 1.6F at a 8 oz/acre rate.
Tourismo
- If growers make 1 application of Tourismo, then they can still make 1 application of Centuar.
- If growers make 1 application of Tourismo 3.5F (14 oz/acre rate), then they can still make 2 applications of Belt 4SC at a 3 oz/acre rate.
Table 3. Grape Uses:
Compound Trade Name |
Active ingredients (AI) |
Labeled Rate / acre* |
Total product (lbs AI) per season |
Altacor 35WG |
chlorantraniliprole |
2.5 – 4.5 oz |
9 oz (0.2 lb AI) |
Actara 25WDG |
thiamethoxam |
1.5 - 3.5 oz |
7.0 oz (0.109 lb AI) |
Voliam flexi 40WDG |
chlorantraniliprole |
4.5 oz |
9.0 oz (0.2 lb AI ctpr, 0.109 lb AI thiamethoxam) |
thiamethoxam |
|||
Provado 1.6F |
imidacloprid |
3.0 - 4.0 oz |
8.0 oz (0.1 lb AI) |
Baythroid 2E |
cyfluthrin |
2.4 – 3.2 oz |
12.8 oz (0.2 lb AI) |
Leverage 2.7F |
imidacloprid |
5.0 – 8.0 oz |
8.0 oz (0.07 lb AI cyfluthrin, 0.1 lb AI imidacloprid) |
cyfluthrin |
|||
Belt 4SC |
flubendiamide |
3.0 – 4.0 oz |
12 oz (0.375 lb AI) |
Tourismo 3.5F |
flubendiamide |
10 - 14 oz |
37 oz (0.34 lb AI flubendiamide, 0.67 lb AI buprofezin) |
buprofezin |
Examples of in-season applications that meet total AI limits for grapes:
Voliam flexi
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (4.5 oz/acre), then they can still make 1 or more applications of Altacor 35WG up to an additional 4.5 oz/acre.
- If growers make 1 application of Voliam flexi 40WDG (4.5 oz/acre), then they can still make 1 or more applications of Actara 25WDG up to an additional 3.5 oz/acre.
Leverage
- Growers can make 1 application of Leverage 2.7F (5.0 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 or more applications of either Baythroid 2E or Baythroid XL, up to an additional 10.2 oz/acre.
- If growers make 1 application of Leverage 2.7F (5.0 oz/acre), then they can still make 1 application of Provado 1.6F at a 3 oz/acre.
Tourismo
- If growers make 1 application of Tourismo 3.5F (14 oz/acre), then they can still make 2 applications of Belt 4SC at a 4 oz/acre.
Insect and disease predictive information is available at:
http://www.enviroweather.msu.edu/home.asp
http://www.agweather.geo.msu.edu/agwx/forecasts/fcst.asp?fileid=fous46ktvc
http://www.cherries.msu.edu/
Fruit CAT Alert Reports
http://www.ipmnews.msu.edu/fruit/
This issue and past issues of the weekly FruitNet report are posted on our website at: http://www.maes.msu.edu/nwmihort/faxnet.htm
ACTUAL
AND PREDICTED DEGREE-DAY
ACCUMULATIONS
SINCE MARCH 1, 2009
Please send any comments or suggestions regarding this site
to:
Bill Klein, kleinw@msu.edu
Last Revised: 6-16-09
